ininventor: Results include patent related documents including the name of a patent inventor.Place quotation marks around the journal title. source: Results include articles published in a particular journal.| Syntax: source:"journal title".Place quotation marks around the author's name. author: Results include articles written by a specific author.| Syntax: author:"first name last name".intext: Results include a specific search term in the body of the article.| Syntax: intext:search term.intitle: Results include a specific search term in the title of the article.| Syntax: intitle:search term. Google Scholar supports the use of words as search operators. You can add spaces between the first search term(s), AROUND, the parenthesis with the number that indicates how close the next search term should appear in the results and the second search term(s). The search term you wish to exclude should appear immediately after it.Īllows to search by proximity of words, so it narrows down search results. Do not spell out the word NOT use the minus symbol or a hyphen (-) instead. Good practice when not useful words pop up in your results. It needs to be in capital letters.įinds the first term included in a query but not the second, so it narrows down search results. Good practice when there is more than one commonly used set of keywords that describe a topic. It needs to be in capital letters.įinds one or either terms included in a search query, so it expands search results. Good practice when you want to combine more than one search terms. Check the table below to see when and how to use them in Google Scholar.įinds both terms included in a search query, so it narrows down search results. The most common operators are AND, OR, NOT. This type of search uses operators that help you narrow or broaden your search. | Works in conjunction with any of the "Find articles" or "Return articles" options.
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